Comparative Finite Element Analysis of Triangulated Spaceframe Designs for Formula SAE Chassis under Static Load Conditions

Abstract

This study presents a comprehensive finite element analysis of three Formula SAE spaceframe chassis configurations to evaluate their structural performance under standardized static load conditions. The analyzed chassis, designated as Design 1 (baseline), Design 2 (moderately reinforced), and Design 3 (fully triangulated), were subjected to five critical loading scenarios: front impact, main roll hoop, front roll hoop, lateral shear, and torsional deformation. The simulations were conducted using ANSYS Workbench with structural steel properties, and the results were benchmarked against a yield strength threshold of 305 MPa, corresponding to ASTM A36 mild steel. The analysis revealed that Design 3 demonstrated superior performance in terms of stiffness and safety due to its extensive triangulation and optimized load paths, particularly under torsional and frontal loads. Design 2, despite offering a lighter configuration, failed to satisfy yield criteria in multiple loading cases, highlighting the trade-off between weight reduction and structural integrity. These findings emphasize the critical role of triangulated architecture and nodal connectivity in achieving regulatory compliance and enhancing crashworthiness in Formula SAE chassis development.