Examining Malaysian Road Users' Understanding of Visual Aids: Addressing Comprehension Gaps to Enhance Road Safety

Abstract

Traffic control devices, such as road signs and markings, are crucial for road safety, but their effectiveness relies on proper user comprehension. This study examines how Malaysian drivers comprehend traffic signs and road markings, with a focus on how driving experience influences interpretation. Based on 444 valid survey responses, the study found that 6.3% of participants had experienced crashes due to sign misinterpretation. While signs like “No Stopping” and “Obstruction” were well understood, critical signs such as “Stop,” “Give Way,” and “Advanced Warning Sign” showed poor recognition. Statistical analysis revealed that eight signs – particularly temporary and regulatory types like the “Detour Sign,” “Yellow Box,” and “Road Works Sign” – were significantly misunderstood by novice drivers, who were up to 2.7 times more likely to misinterpret them compared to experienced drivers. These findings highlight the need for targeted educational interventions, particularly for newer drivers. Visual learning tools, including infographics, social media campaigns, and refresher training, can help bridge knowledge gaps. Addressing high-risk groups and misunderstood signs can improve risk perception, reduce accidents, and enhance road safety. This study underscores the importance of continuous learning in fostering a safer driving culture.